What are the risks of PCL reconstruction?

General risks

• Stiffness or difficulty regaining full bending, which is managed with physiotherapy and occasionally a further procedure
• Infection, which is uncommon and reduced with antibiotics and careful wound care
• Blood clots in the leg, reduced by early movement and, when appropriate, clot-prevention medication
• Numbness around the incisions, which often improves over months
• Pain at the graft donor site, if your own tendon is used

Risks specific to the PCL

The main blood vessels and nerves of the lower leg run directly behind the knee, close to where the tibial tunnel exits. Injury to them is rare, but it is the most serious risk of this operation. Surgeons reduce it with protective instruments, drill guides, careful positioning of the knee and imaging during the procedure.

Residual laxity is more common. Even after a technically good reconstruction, the knee may retain some backward movement compared with the other side. In many patients this does not cause symptoms, and the rehabilitation programme is designed to limit it.

Factors that change your risk

Combined ligament reconstructions, surgery after a high-energy accident, smoking, diabetes and a high body weight can all raise the risk of complications or stiffness. Being as fit as possible before surgery, with good movement and strength, helps recovery. Tell the team about any history of blood clots, bleeding problems or long flights planned after surgery.

Warning signs after surgery

Seek prompt advice for increasing calf pain or swelling, breathlessness or chest pain, fever, spreading redness or discharge from a wound, a cold or numb foot, or a sudden loss of movement in the ankle. Breathlessness or chest pain needs emergency care immediately.